Preheat the oven to 150°C (300°F).
Rub the lamb shoulder with olive oil, salt, pepper, garlic, rosemary, and thyme. Place it in a roasting dish.
Pour the beef stock and apple cider vinegar around the lamb. Cover the dish tightly with foil.
Roast for about 4 hours, basting occasionally, until the meat is fork-tender and easily pulls apart.
About 30 minutes before the lamb is done, heat butter in a large pan over medium heat. Add the caraway seeds and cook until fragrant.
Stir in the shredded cabbage and cook until soft and lightly caramelized, about 15 minutes.
In another pan, quickly sauté the spring greens with a bit of butter and lemon juice until just wilted.
Remove the lamb from the oven and let it rest for 10 minutes before shredding.
Serve the lamb over the braised cabbage with spring greens on the side.